Children's Medical Center · Clinical Laboratory
One Children's Plaza · Dayton, Ohio 45404

Appendix: Hematology Tables

Table HE-1 Normal Values: RBC, Hgb, Hct, and Indices

Male

Age RBC (106/mm3) HGB (g/dL) HCT (%) MCV (fL) MCH (pg) MCHC (%)
Birth 4.1 - 6.7 15.0 - 24.0 44 - 70 102 - 115 33 - 39 32 - 36
1 Month 3.8 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 44 - 56 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
3 Months 3.8 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
6 Months 3.8 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
9 Months 3.8 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
1 Year 3.8 - 5.4 10.0 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
2 Years 4.0 - 5.3 11.5 - 14.5 32 - 42 72 - 88 25 - 31 32 - 36
4 Years 4.0 - 5.3 11.5 - 14.5 32 - 42 76 - 90 25 - 31 32 - 36
8 years 4.0 – 5.1 11.5 - 14.5 33 - 43 76 - 90 25 - 31 32 - 36
14 Years 4.1– 5.3 12.5 - 16.1 35 - 45 78 - 95 26 - 32 32 - 36
Adult 4.3 – 5.9 13.5 - 18.0 42 - 52 78 - 100 27 - 31 32 - 36

 

Female

Age RBC (106/mm3) HGB (g/dL) HCT (%) MCV (fL) MCH (pg) MCHC (%)
Birth 4.1 - 6.7 15.0 - 24.0 44 - 70 102 - 115 33 - 39 32 - 36
1 Month 3.5 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 44 - 56 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
3 Months 3.5 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
6 Months 3.5 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
9 Months 3.5 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.0 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
1 Year 3.5 - 5.4 10.5 - 14.5 32 - 42 72 - 88 24 - 30 32 - 36
2 Years 4.0 – 5.3 11.5 - 14.5 32 - 42 72 - 88 25 - 31 32 - 36
4 Years 4.0 – 5.3 11.5 - 14.5 32 - 42 76 - 90 25 - 31 32 - 36
8 years 4.0 – 5.3 11.5 - 14.5 33 - 43 76 - 90 25 - 31 32 - 36
14 Years 4.1 – 5.3 12.0 - 15.0 35 - 45 78 - 95 26 - 32 32 - 36
Adult 4.2 – 5.4 12.5 - 16.0 37 - 47 78 - 100 27 - 31 32 - 36

 

Table HE-2. Normal Values: WBC and Differential Count 

Age

WBC Cells x 103 /mm3

Segmented Neutrophils (%)

Band Neutrophils (%)

 Eosinophils (%)

Basophils (%)

Lymphocytes (%)

Monocytes (%)
Birth

9.1 - 34.0

32 - 62

10 - 18

0 - 2

0 - 1

26 - 36

0 - 6
24 Hours

9.4 - 34.0

32 - 62

10 - 18

0 - 2

0 - 1

26 - 36

0 - 6
1 Week

5.0 - 21.0

19 - 49

8 - 16

0 - 4

0

36 - 46

0 - 9
2 Weeks

5.0 - 20.0

14 - 34

7 - 15

0 - 3

0 - 1

43 - 53

0 - 9
4 Weeks

6.0 – 14.0

15 - 35

7 - 13

0 - 3

0 - 1

41 - 71

0 - 7
2 Months

6.0 – 14.0

15 - 35

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

42 - 72

0 - 6
4 Months

6.0 – 14.0

14 - 34

6 - 12

0 - 3

0

44 - 74

0 - 5
6 Months

6.0 – 14.0

13 - 33

6 - 12

0 - 3

0

46 - 76

0 - 5
8 Months

6.0 – 14.0

12 - 32

5 - 11

0 - 3

0

47 - 77

0 - 5
1 Year

6.0 – 14.0

13 - 33

5 - 11

0 - 3

0

46 - 76

0 - 5
2 Years

4.0 - 12.0

15 - 35

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

44 - 74

0 - 5
4 Years

4.0 - 12.0

23 - 45

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

35 - 65

0 - 5
6 Years

4.0 - 12.0

32 - 54

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

27 - 57

0 - 5
8 Years

4.0 - 12.0

34 - 56

5 - 11

0 - 2

0 - 1

24 - 54

0 - 4
10 Years

4.0 - 12.0

31 - 61

5 - 11

0 - 2

0 - 1

28 - 48

0 - 4
12 Years

4.0 - 12.0

32 - 62

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

28 - 48

0 - 4
14 Years

4.0 - 10.5

33 - 63

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

27 - 47

0 - 5
16 Years

4.0 - 10.5

34 - 64

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

25 - 45

0 - 5
18 Years

4.0 - 10.5

34 - 64

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

25 - 45

0 - 5
20 Years

4.0 - 10.5

36 - 66

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

23 - 43

0 - 5
Adult

4.0 - 10.5

36 - 66

5 - 11

0 - 3

0 - 1

24 - 44

0 - 4

 Information taken from normal range study performed at The Children's Medical Center, Dayton, OH.

Table HE-3. Conditions Affecting Neutrophil Counts

Conditions Causing Neutrophilia (> 8,000 PMNs/mm3)
 

Infectious Disease:

  • Physiological response to stress:
  • Physical Exercise
  • Exposure to extreme heat or cold
  • Following acute hemorrhage or hemolysis
  • Acute emotional stress
  • Childbirth

Infectious Disease:

  • Systemic or severe local bacterial infections
  • Some viruses (smallpox, chickenpox, herpes zoster, polio)
  • Some rickettsial diseases (especially Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
  • Some fungi, especially if there is acute tissue necrosis

Inflammatory diseases:

  • Acute rheumatic fever
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Acute gout
  • Vasculitis and myositis of many types
  • Hypersensitivity reactions to drugs

Tissue necrosis:

  • Ischemic damage to the heart abdominal viscera, extremities
  • Burns
  • Many carcinomas and sarcomas

Metabolic Disorders:

  • Uremia
  • Diabetic Ketoacidosis
  • Eclampsia
  • Thyroid Storm

Drugs:

  • Epinephrine
  • Lithium
  • Histamine
  • Heparin
  • Digitalis
  • Many toxins, venoms, and heavy metals
Conditions Causing Neutropenia (<1,500 PMNs/mm3)


Infectious diseases:

  • Some bacteria (typhoid, tularemia, brucellosis)
  • Some viruses (hepatitis, influenza, measles, mumps, rubella, infectious mononucleosis)
  • Protozoa (especially malaria)
  • Overwhelming infection of any kind

Chemical and physical agents:

  • Protozoa (especially malaria)
  • Dose-related, universal marrow depressants (radiation, cytotoxic drugs, benzene)
  • Idiosyncratic drug reactions (numerous)

Hypersplenism:

  • Liver disease
  • Storage diseases

Other disorders:

  • Some collagen-vascular diseases, especially lupus erythematosus
  • Severe folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency

 

Table HE-4. Conditions Affecting Lymphocyte Counts

Conditions Causing Lymphocytosis
(>4,000 lymphocytes/mm3 in adults; >7,200/mm3 in children):

Infectious diseases

  • Bacterial (whooping cough, brucellosis, sometimes tuberculosis, secondary syphilis)
  • Viral (hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, mumps, many exanthemas, cytomegalovirus)
  • Other (infectious lymphocytosis, toxoplasmosis)

Metabolic conditions

  • Hypoadrenalism
  • Hyperthyroidism (sometimes)

Chronic Inflammatory conditions

  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Immune diseases (serum sickness, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
Conditions Causing Lymphocytopenia
(<1,000 lymphocytes/mm3 in adults; <2,500/mm3 in children):

Immunodeficiency syndromes:

  • Congenital defects of cell-mediated immunity
  • Immunosuppressive medication

Adrenal corticosteroid exposure:

  • Adrenal gland hyperactivity
  • ACTH-producing pituitary gland tumors
  • Therapeutic administration of steroids

Severe debilitating illness of any kind:

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Renal failure
  • Far-advanced tuberculosis

Defects of lymphatic circulation:

  • Intestinal lyphangiectasia
  • Disorders of intestinal mucosa

 

Table HE-5 Conditions Affecting Other Circulating White Cells

Conditions Causing Monocytosis (>800 monocytes/mm3 in adults):
  • Infections (tuberculosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, hepatitis, rickettsial diseases, syphilis)
  • Granulomatous diseases (sarcoid, ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis)
  • Collagen-vascular diseases (lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis)
  • Many cancers, lymphomas, and myeloproliferative disorders
 Conditions Causing Eosinophilia (>450 eosinophils/mm3):
  • Allergic diseases (asthma, hay fever, drug reactions, allergic vasculitis, serum sickness)
  • Parasitic infections (trichinosis, echinococcus, hookworm, schistosomiasis, amebiasis)
  • Skin disorders (some psoriasis, some eczema, pemphigus, dermatitis herpetiformis)
  • “Hypereosinophilic” syndromes (systemic eosinophilia associated with pulmonary infiltration and sometimes cardiovascular disturbances)
  • Neoplastic diseases (Hodgkin’s disease, extensive metastases or necrosis of solid tumors)
  • Miscellaneous (collagen-vascular diseases, adrenal cortical hypofunction, ulcerative colitis)
Conditions Causing Basophilia (>50 basophils/mm3):
  • Chronic hypersensitivity states in the absence of the specific allergen (exposure to the allergen triggers cell lysis and rapid drop in basophil count)</